Tests of a New Solar Flare Model Against D and E Region Ionosphere Data

We present results from a suite of models designed to simulate solar flare effects on the D and E region ionosphere. This includes spectrum, ionosphere HF radiowave propagation. A central component this system is development photoelectron ionization enhancement factors with higher energy resolution in soft X-ray spectral that can be used supplement existing schemes currently implemented upper atmospheric general circulation models. tested model NCAR Thermosphere-Ionosphere-Mesosphere- Electrodynamics General Circulation Model (TIME-GCM) photochemical region. In both cases, we compared predicted response using two different input spectra. One Flare Irradiance Spectral (FISM) other physics based called NRLFLARE. Our predictions for were incoherent scatter radar data suggest enhanced flux 1–2 nm region, as indicated by NRLFLARE, important reproducing observations. For combined our theoretical X1.3 7 September 2017 ray tracing calculations 20–40 db 6.4 MHz absorption. agrees previously published observations estimates, all which greater absorption than operational prediction (swpc.noaa.gov/products/d-region-absorption-predictions-d-rap). Finally, comparison empirical derived very low frequency was less clear due, part, large differences between